Survey Design
Target Population
The target populace is all nonfarm, unmarried-vicinity organisation corporations with between 1-499 personnel and receipts of $1,000 or greater within the 50 states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The sampling frame turned into extracted from the final 2018 Business Register in April 2020 and up to date with the very last 2019 Business Register in December 2020. The following industries had been specified as out of scope for the Business Pulse Survey:
Agriculture manufacturing (NAICS in ('110000', '111', '112'))
Railroads (NAICS = '482')
U.S. Postal Service (NAICS = '491')
Monetary Authorities – Central Bank (NAICS = '521')
Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles (NAICS = '525')
Religious provide operations and Religious groups (NAICS = '813')
Private families (NAICS = '814')
Public administration (NAICS = 'ninety two')
Unclassified with prison shape of enterprise as tax-exempt or unknown
Sampling Frame
The set of organizations within the target populace that answered to the 2017 Economic Census turned into diagnosed because the subset of organizations eligible to take part in the Small Business Pulse Survey (SBPS). The 2017 Economic Census (EC) applied an all-electronic facts series approach. Eligible respondents to the Economic Census were mailed a letter containing an authentication code and have been invited to create an account the usage of the Respondent Portal. The Respondent Portal gives get right of entry to to digital survey gadgets. To set up their Respondent Portal account, respondents furnished a valid e mail cope with, their name, cellphone number, and were required to set up a password.
Approximately 1.7 million of the over 6 million single-status quo organisation companies acquired an invite to reply to the 2017 Economic Census; administrative facts had been used for the final cases to minimize respondent burden. About 1.1 million of the 1.7 million Economic Census cases had among 1 and 499 employees.
In April 2020, the Census Bureau extracted from the final 2018 Business Register unmarried-location groups with payroll and among 1 and 499 personnel. In December 2020, the Census Bureau updated this statistics the use of the final 2019 Business Register. The variety of active, in-scope corporations with legitimate electronic mail addresses totaled approximately 940,500 agencies. Approximately 91,000 e-mail addresses had been up to date thru a in shape to the databases used for processing month-to-month and annual financial surveys.
In Phase 1 of the Small Business Pulse Survey, a choice become made throughout facts series inside the first week of the survey to do away with email addresses linked to a few or extra corporations from future collections, to eliminate ambiguity in associating survey responses to an appropriate enterprise. Approximately 885,000 businesses remained inside the email sample after this removal. Respondents with email addresses connected to two businesses had been told to offer a separate record for every of the two companies.
In next phases, e mail addresses related to greater than 10 groups remained ineligible for information collection, but all others have been retained inside the series. The commercial enterprise name and last 5-digits of a selected enterprise’ Employer Identification Number had been supplied to the respondent in both the survey invitation and upon authenticated entry to the survey instrument to be able to clarify the meant respondent to the survey.
Beginning with Phase 6 of the Small Business Pulse Survey, the sampling body changed into matched to an extract of the most latest monthly Business Register to pick out companies that suggested their EIN as inactive on their IRS Form 941 payroll filing. After this replace, approximately 834,000 businesses remained in the pattern.
Sample Design
To maximize using to be had email addresses, the Census Bureau used the entire set of in-scope businesses with e-mail addresses from the Economic Census inside the Small Business Pulse Survey. The initial weight for every unit with an email address turned into set to the rely of the whole variety of devices (both with and without e-mail addresses) in the equal state through 3-digit NAICS industry divided by using the wide variety of devices within the identical grouping with an electronic mail cope with.
For Phase 1, the total set of eligible organizations turned into divided into 9 panels for the weekly e mail invitations to reply to the survey. To set up panels of comparable length and enterprise and geography distributions, the agencies with e-mail addresses were sorted via MSA and 2018 annual payroll inside every nation with the aid of 2-digit NAICS mobile and then systematically assigned to one of the nine panels.
Phase 2 - Phase 6 used the equal nine panels as Phase 1, with some adjustment to distribute multiple businesses associated with one e mail cope with among the panels to preserve pattern sizes of roughly identical length in each of the 9 series weeks.
Phase 4 up to date the sample the usage of the very last 2019 Business Register to consist of 2019 payroll and employment. Panel challenge remained consistent with previous stages.
Type of Request
The Small Business Pulse Survey is a voluntary survey.
Questionnaire Content
The questionnaire for each section of the Small Business Pulse Survey contained 21 or fewer questions about the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic at the enterprise, such as affects on operating sales and availability of cash; closures; adjustments within the wide variety of paid personnel or hours; the re-hiring of laid off or furloughed personnel; disruption of deliver chains; adoption of various commercial enterprise practices; changes in running capability; neglected loan and different bills; requests/receipt of financial assistance; capital expenses, vaccine requirements, and overall properly-being and outlook for restoration.
The survey questionnaires and the corresponding commands are observed at the downloads tab.
Mode of Contact
Business respondents were contacted via e mail to reply to the survey. For each weekly survey panel, emails were delivered on Sunday using staggered times to gauge most desirable timing of electronic mail transport on response. For phase 3 and subsequent levels, initial emails had been sent on Mondays. The electronic mail directed respondents to the
https://census.gov/businesspulse touchdown web page that supplied records about the survey, FAQs, links to releases of the records merchandise, and a right away link to respond to the survey. Starting in segment 2, the emails directed respondents directly to the reporting instrument. Respondents have been furnished access to the survey the usage of an authentication code furnished in the e mail. In addition, an email address econ.pulse@census.gov became supplied for respondents to send questions about the survey. Responses to questions were provided by way of Census Bureau Headquarters staff.
A comply with-up reminder e mail become despatched on Wednesdays (Friday for the first week) to all non-respondents within the weekly panel. For subsequent phases, starting at the quit of section 2, a further comply with up reminder email was despatched on Fridays.
Response Criteria
For phase 1 and phase 2, the reaction length for every weekly tabulation closes at 11:59pm on Saturdays. For segment 3 and subsequent stages, the reaction length for every weekly tabulation closes at 11:59pm on Sundays.
To be taken into consideration a respondent to the SBPS, a business needed to respond to at least one of the survey questions. The on-line instrument changed into designed to inspire response to every question. If a survey player attempted to transport past a selected question with out providing a reaction, a caution field regarded to spark off the respondent to offer a reaction. The player became permitted to transport to the next question with out responding on the subsequent attempt.
Responses to each query had been tabulated independently. All responses, including the ones from businesses in earlier panels, have been blanketed in tabulations for the week in which the responses had been supplied.
The Unit Response Rate (URR) is calculated weekly as:
Unit response fee = one hundred *(R+R’)/(R+NR)
in which
- R is the range of respondents in the currently weekly panel
- NR is the range of non-respondents within the presently weekly panel
- R’ is the number of past due respondents included within the estimates from any preceding panel within each segment
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